Treffer: Density Matrix Embedding Theory : Foundations, Applications and Connection to Functional Theories ; Density Matrix Embedding Theory : Grundlagen, Anwendungen und die Verbindung zu Funktional Theorien

The Schrödinger equation describes the motion of the microscopic particles that constitute our worldm such as the electrons or atomic nuclei. Albeit being applicable to the smallest particle that we know of, it has observable consequences in the macroscopic world. It determines the conductivity of metals, it tells us which materials are magnetic and whether they show exotic behaviour such as super-conductivity. Unfortunately, solving the Schrödinger equation directly for any piece of material that is visible for the human eye is practically impossible. Already a grain of sand contains 1023 (that is written out 10.000.000.000.000.000.000.000) electrons and atomic nuclei. This means that only specifying the initial positions of the particles requires to safe an incredible amount of data; a procedure which is unfeasible for any human or computer. Due to the fundamental problem of applying quantum mechanics to practically relevant scenarios, a number of effective and approximate methods have been developed. In essence, they all try to reduce the dimension of the problem, i.e., the curse of the enormous amount of data required to simulate the Schrödinger equation. In this thesis, we try to analyze and expand one of those methods called Density Matrix Embedding Theory (DMET). In a lot of physical systems, especially when considering solid states, we can already learn a lot about its physics when describing its properties on a small fragment of the whole system. In a system with interacting particles though, we cannot simply consider just a subsystem and describe its properties without taking into account its interactions with the rest of the system. The basic idea of DMET is to divide the considered system into two parts called impurity and environment. The impurity is chosen to be so small that its wave function can be computed exactly. In the environment, only those degrees of freedom directly interacting with the impurity are considered and are included in our description. The physics on the environment itself is ...