Result: Impact of accelerometer epoch summary measure on associations between physical activity and all-cause mortality in Whitehall II and UK Biobank.

Title:
Impact of accelerometer epoch summary measure on associations between physical activity and all-cause mortality in Whitehall II and UK Biobank.
Authors:
Eckmann HR; Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK. hdre1@le.ac.uk.; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and The University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK. hdre1@le.ac.uk., Razieh C; Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.; Leicester Real World Evidence Unit, Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.; Office for National Statistics, Newport, NP10 8XG, UK., Danilevicz IM; Epidemiology of Ageing and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Universite Paris Cité, INSERM, U1153, CRESS, 10 Avenue de Verdun, 75010, Paris, France., Vidil S; Epidemiology of Ageing and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Universite Paris Cité, INSERM, U1153, CRESS, 10 Avenue de Verdun, 75010, Paris, France., Chastin S; School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK.; Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium., Sherar LB; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and The University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.; School of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK., Hansen BH; Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway., Dempsey PC; Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.; Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia.; Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, PO Box 6492, Melbourne Victoria, 3004, Australia.; MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0SL, UK., Sabia S; Epidemiology of Ageing and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Universite Paris Cité, INSERM, U1153, CRESS, 10 Avenue de Verdun, 75010, Paris, France.; UCL Brain Sciences, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, Russell Square House, 10-12 Russell Square, London, WC1B 5EH, UK., Rowlands AV; Diabetes Research Centre, Leicester General Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and The University of Leicester, Leicester, LE5 4PW, UK.; Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity (ARENA), UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, 5001, Australia.
Source:
Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2025 Dec 06; Vol. 16 (1), pp. 761. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Dec 06.
Publication Type:
Journal Article
Language:
English
Journal Info:
Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s):
Original Publication: London : Nature Publishing Group, copyright 2011-
MeSH Terms:
Accelerometry*/methods , Exercise*/physiology , Mortality*, Humans ; Female ; Male ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; United Kingdom/epidemiology ; Biological Specimen Banks ; Proportional Hazards Models ; UK Biobank
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Grant Information:
EP/X042464/1 UK Research and Innovation; 101072993 HORIZON EUROPE Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions
Contributed Indexing:
Keywords: Accelerometry; Average acceleration; Epoch summary measure; Intensity gradient; Mortality; Physical activity
Entry Date(s):
Date Created: 20251206 Date Completed: 20260107 Latest Revision: 20260110
Update Code:
20260110
PubMed Central ID:
PMC12780095
DOI:
10.1038/s41598-025-30237-5
PMID:
41353463
Database:
MEDLINE

Further Information

Accelerometer data are commonly reduced into epoch summary measures (ESMs) for analysis, e.g. ENMO (Euclidean Norm Minus One), MAD (Mean Amplitude Deviation), MIMS (Monitor Independent Movement Summary) or Counts. We compared associations with all-cause mortality of the volume and intensity of physical activity when derived from those four measures in the Whitehall II and UK Biobank cohorts. Volume (Average Acceleration, AvAcc) and intensity (Intensity Gradient, IG) were derived from each ESM. Associations with mortality were estimated using Cox models. 3733 (25.1% female, median age 68.3 years) and 89,848 (56.4% female, 63.5 years) participants were included from Whitehall II and UK Biobank, respectively. Median (IQR) follow-up was 11.0 (10.7, 11.3) and 8.0 (7.5, 8.5) years, with 563 (15.1%) and 3656 (4.1%) deaths. Associations with mortality were largely consistent between ESMs with the lowest mortality risk for those high (above the median) in both AvAcc and IG (Whitehall: HR = 0.59-0.68; Biobank: 0.55-0.61, reference: low/low), and IG associated with lower mortality risk, irrespective of AvAcc. AvAcc was associated with lower mortality irrespective of IG in Biobank only. In conclusion, associations of AvAcc and IG with mortality are broadly consistent across common ESMs, supporting comparability of activity-health findings across studies using different ESMs.
(© 2025. The Author(s).)

Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Ethical approval: In the Whitehall II study, written, informed consent from participants was obtained at each contact. Research ethics approvals were renewed at each wave; the most recent approval was granted by the National Health Service (NHS) London-Harrow Research Ethics Committee (reference number 85/0938). UK Biobank has full ethical approval from the NHS National Research Ethics Service (16/NW/0274) and all participants gave written informed consent prior to data collection.