• Performance evaluation and app...

Treffer: Performance evaluation and application of human- and animal-specific microbial source tracking markers in river water in West Java, Indonesia.

Title:
Performance evaluation and application of human- and animal-specific microbial source tracking markers in river water in West Java, Indonesia.
Authors:
Ruti AA; Department of Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. Electronic address: annisa.andariniruti@gmail.com., Angga MS; Department of Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. Electronic address: madesandhyana@gmail.com., Rahmani AF; Department of Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. Electronic address: auliafrahmani@gmail.com., Raya S; Department of Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. Electronic address: sunayana.raya@gmail.com., Sthapit N; Interdisciplinary Center for River Basin Environment, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. Electronic address: niva1180@gmail.com., Siri Y; Department of Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. Electronic address: yhadpiroonsiri@gmail.com., Hirai S; Department of Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. Electronic address: g24dtk04@yamanashi.ac.jp., Malla B; Interdisciplinary Center for River Basin Environment, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. Electronic address: mallabikash@hotmail.com., Setiyawan AS; Department of Environmental Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia. Electronic address: ahmad_setiyawan@itb.ac.id., Setiadi T; Department of Chemical Engineering, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, 40132, Indonesia. Electronic address: tjandra.setiadi@itb.ac.id., Haramoto E; Interdisciplinary Center for River Basin Environment, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 400-8511, Japan. Electronic address: eharamoto@yamanashi.ac.jp.
Source:
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) [Environ Pollut] 2025 Nov 01; Vol. 384, pp. 126979. Date of Electronic Publication: 2025 Aug 11.
Publication Type:
Journal Article
Language:
English
Journal Info:
Publisher: Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 8804476 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1873-6424 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 02697491 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Environ Pollut Subsets: MEDLINE
Imprint Name(s):
Original Publication: Barking, Essex, England : Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, c1987-
MeSH Terms:
Rivers*/microbiology , Environmental Monitoring*/methods , Water Microbiology*, Indonesia ; Animals ; Humans ; Feces/microbiology ; Sewage/microbiology ; Cattle ; Water Quality
Contributed Indexing:
Keywords: Fecal contamination; Indonesia; Microbial source tracking; Quantitative PCR; River water; pBI143
Substance Nomenclature:
0 (Sewage)
Entry Date(s):
Date Created: 20250813 Date Completed: 20250930 Latest Revision: 20250930
Update Code:
20250930
DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126979
PMID:
40803437
Database:
MEDLINE

Weitere Informationen

The analysis of host-associated microorganisms by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) has long been widely applied as a microbial source tracking (MST) tool for identifying the sources of fecal contamination. Although numerous studies have been conducted across Asia, relevant research on Indonesia is scarce. In this study, we evaluated the performance of various human- and animal-specific MST markers and applied the results to the assessment of the water quality of a river in West Java, Indonesia. Fecal samples from seven animal species (n = 43), sewage samples (n = 7), and river water samples (n = 48) were collected from eight locations along a river in West Java from August to September 2023 (dry season) and February to March 2024 (wet season). Among the 16 host-specific MST markers tested using qPCR, the detection ratio of human-specific markers in the target samples showed considerable variation (43 %-100 %). Ruminant-specific markers, including bacterial (BacCow and BacR) and mitochondrial DNA (Bovine-mtDNA) markers, demonstrated a 100 % detection ratio in their target samples. In the nontarget samples, the positive ratio of MST markers varied widely from 0 % (AiV-1) to 81 % (BacCow). crAssphage and Bovine-mtDNA were identified as the most effective MST markers specific to humans and ruminants, respectively. pBI143, as a newly established human-specific marker, demonstrated commendable performance with 100 % sensitivity and 77 % specificity. This study confirmed the presence of MST markers in the river water, with a positive ratio of 38 % for Bovine-mtDNA and 67 % for crAssphage during the dry season; the values increased during the wet season to 54 % and 88 %, respectively. The results emphasize the importance of using several types of MST markers to obtain comprehensive results and insight into contamination patterns, as well as the necessity for further research across diverse sub-watersheds and other water sources.
(Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.